AL Business Notes (AS) | 2020-2021 | Sir Sajjad Hyder

SECTION – 1: BUSINESS AND ITS ENVIRONMENT
TOPIC 1.1: Enterprise…………………….…………………….……………….. 6 TOPIC 1.2: Business Structure…………………….…………………………. 15
TOPIC 1.3: Size of Business…………………….…………………………….. 25
TOPIC 1.4: Business Objectives…………………….……………………….. 33
TOPIC 1.5: Stakeholders in a Business…………………………………….. 40
SECTION – 2: PEOPLE IN ORGANIZATIONS
TOPIC 2.1: Management and Leadership………………………………….. 49
TOPIC 2.2: Motivation…………………….……………………………………..58
TOPIC 2.3: Human Resource Management…………………….………….. 77
SECTION – 3: MARKETING
TOPIC 3.1: What Is Marketing? …………………….………………………… 91
TOPIC 3.2: Market Research…………………….………………………….. 103
TOPIC 3.3: The Marketing Mix…………………….………………………… 113
SECTION 4: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
TOPIC 4.1: The Nature of Operations…………………….……………….. 150
TOPIC 4.2: Operations Planning…………………….……………………… 156
TOPIC 4.3: Inventory Management…………………….…………………… 176
SECTION – 5: FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
TOPIC 5.1: The Need for Business Finance………………………………. 183
TOPIC 5.2: Sources of Finance…………………….……………………….. 185
TOPIC 5.3: Costs…………………….…………………….……………………195
TOPIC 5.4: Accounting Fundamentals…………………………………….. 204
TOPIC 5.5: Forecasting Cash Flow & Managing Working Capital…… 216